Why Do Consumers Buy Fakes? (2021 Report)

Every year, ScamAdviser analyzes the willingness of consumers to buy fake and counterfeit products online. This year, 1,102 consumers participated in the study from across the world.
While all income groups, educational categories, age levels and continents are represented, it is interesting to note that mostly men (63%) participated. This trend is identical to previous year's survey, where 65% of the participants were men, suggesting that men may be buying more counterfeit than generally thought.
65% say they are good at identifying fakes
Most consumers (65%) consider themselves capable of identifying counterfeits. This is especially the case for Clothing, Accessories and Consumer Electronics. Only 10% admit they are unable to identify fakes. Consumers doubt their ability to recognize fakes Medicines and Toys.

75% of all consumers have bought counterfeits
Still, 57% of the consumers have bought a fake product in the past unknowingly or doubting the originality of the product. 18% admit to knowingly having bought fakes. Clothing, electronics and accessories are the most commonly purchased fake products.

Websites, not marketplaces, are the main purchase channel
The focus of brand protection agencies has shifted to online marketplaces in recent years. However, remarkably, websites (39%) are by far the most popular channel to buy counterfeits. This channel is followed by online marketplaces like Amazon, eBay and Alibaba (28%). Physical stores and social media sites are both named by 22% of consumers each.

28% of consumers consider buying a Corona vaccine online
As an additional research question, ScamAdviser this year asked if the respondent would buy a Coronavirus vaccine online. 64% disagreed that they would purchase it online. However, 28% stated they would buy the vaccine online, especially if the authenticity can be guaranteed (25%) or the product is sold by an official source (28%). This leaves the door open to scammers selling either fake or illegal COVID vaccines online.

Consumers are dissuaded by fears, not ethics
Consumers buy fakes primarily as they believe that there will be no significant difference in quality (17%). The lower price (15%) and the feeling that the real brand is overpriced (11%) are also named.
Consumers are aware that counterfeits support crime and human exploitation. What however would keep consumers the most from buying counterfeit is the concern about the quality of the product (42%) and the belief that buying fakes online is not safe as their (financial) data may be misused (37%) and the product not delivered (31%).
Regarding the fight against counterfeits, consumers think the lead should be taken by consumer protection agencies (52%) and not by international authorities such as Europol/Interpol (23%) and the EU/UN (21%).
Latest blogs & research
How Amazon Is Helping Consumers Verify Messages and Avoid Impersonation Scams
Explore how Amazon uses AI and outgoing communication records to verify suspicious messages and inform approaches to impersonation scam prevention.
Whoscall, GASA and Mastercard Release the 2026 Asia Scam Report: Hong Kong
More Than 80% of Hong Kong Respondents Encountered Scams; Phone Calls and SMS Remain the Leading Channels
Operation Serengeti III: How Collaboration Is Curbing Scams in Africa
INTERPOL’s Operation Serengeti III led to 1,462 arrests and recovered USD 105M+ across 21 countries. GASA was proud to support it as a partner.
71% of Adults Surveyed Across 13 Asian Markets Encountered Scams, with Estimated Losses of US$136.5 Billion
This study of 17,460 adults across 13 Asian markets shows that scam exposure is widespread, with 71% of participants encountering a scam in the past year. While 66% say they are confident in recognizing scams, 62% of those exposed went on to interact with a scammer. Ultimately, 9% lost money or personal information that led to financial loss, while only 4% reported a scam to the authorities. The findings highlight a significant gap between perceived scam awareness and real-world resilience.
3 Ways to Prevent Cross-Border Payment Scams in Mexico
Learn three ways financial institutions can prevent cross-border payment scams in Mexico through intelligence sharing, payee transparency and real-time analysis.
Accra Trust & Safety Workshop Turns Collaboration into Action Against Scams and Fraud in West Africa
GASA Africa Chapter and Google South Africa brought anti-fraud leaders together to strengthen cross-border cooperation and scam prevention.
State of Scams in Nigeria 2026: A Comparative Review Across Africa
Nigerian experts examine scam trends, technology, consumer protection and the need for stronger cross-sector collaboration.
Nearly three in four Danish adults encountered scams as estimated losses reach DKK 10.1 billion
New State of Scams Denmark 2026 report finds scam exposure is rising, while victims face repeated financial and emotional harm.